Aires America

Defense issues
Human security issues
Defense issues
Human security issues

Climate Disinformation and Information Warfare : State Interference and Security Implications

Building on the work carried out by the Defence and Climate Observatory on the integration of climate change into the dynamics of hybrid warfare, this paper aims to analyse the exploitation of climate information by foreign powers, using a multi-factor approach. From this perspective, it incorporates climate issues as a new target of information warfare. Thus, following a presentation of the methodological framework for the climate disinformation–information warfare nexus (I), this paper provides an overview of the main state actors involved in climate disinformation targeting Europe, notably Russia and the United States, as well as their interactions with non-state actors (II). The analysis then examines the security implications of climate disinformation (III). Based on these findings, the paper develops three forward-looking scenarios, accompanied by recommendations for the Ministry of the Armed Forces (IV).

18 May 2026
Defense issues
Human security issues
Defense issues
Human security issues

Security and Defence Implications of Climate Tipping Points – The Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC)

This note is part of a series of publications by The Defense & Climate Observatory aimed at studying the security and defense implications of climate tipping points established by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Its aim is to inform political and economic decision-makers about the security and defense implications of a slowdown, or even collapse, of the AMOC.  

5 June 2025
Defense issues
Defense issues

Agricultural resources and climate change: defence and security issues

This brief addresses the security issues related to the impact of climate change on agricultural resources. It is divided into three parts: an analysis of the vulnerability of agricultural resources to climate change; an examination of the strategic and defence issues related to securing them; and an identification of geopolitical and security breakpoints.

26 April 2023
Human security issues
Human security issues

Geopolitical and security implications of Climate vulnerability in the Carribbean Islands

This brief addresses the current and future consequences of climate changes in the insular Caribbean, as well as their geopolitical and security implications. In this perspective, we focus our analysis on the Caribbean arc, traditionally subdivided into two groups: the Greater Antilles, stretching from Cuba in the northwest to Puerto Rico; and the Lesser Antilles, from the Virgin Islands to the islands of Trinidad and Tobago, which border the Venezuelan coastline further south.

9 November 2022